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CLASS VII SCIENCE
CLASS VII SCIENCE
CHAPTER VI: ADOLESCENCE: A STAGE OF GROWTH AND CHANGE
CHAPTER VI: ADOLESCENCE: A STAGE OF GROWTH AND CHANGE
Direct Questions Assertion / Reason Correct / Incorrect HOTS Challenging
DIRECT QUESTIONS
DIRECT QUESTIONS
The period of life when the body undergoes changes leading to reproductive maturity is called:
A. Childhood
B. Adolescence
C. Adulthood
D. Senescence
Answer: B. Adolescence
Adolescence usually begins around the age of ________ and lasts up to ________ years.
A. 5, 12
B. 11, 19
C. 18, 25
D. 10, 15
Answer: B. 11, 19
The chemical substances secreted by endocrine glands are known as:
A. Enzymes
B. Hormones
C. Proteins
D. Vitamins
Answer: B. Hormones
The "Adam's Apple" is the prominent protruding part of the:
A. Larynx (Voice box)
B. Pharynx
C. Thyroid gland
D. Windpipe
Answer: A. Larynx (Voice box)
Which gland is known as the "Master Gland"?
A. Thyroid gland
B. Adrenal gland
C. Pituitary gland
D. Pancreas
Answer: C. Pituitary gland
The first menstrual flow at puberty is termed:
A. Menopause
B. Menarche
C. Menstruation
D. Ovulation
Answer: B. Menarche
Which hormone is responsible for the development of secondary sexual characters in girls?
A. Testosterone
B. Estrogen
C. Insulin
D. Thyroxine
Answer: B. Estrogen
The stoppage of menstruation in women around the age of 45 to 50 is called:
A. Menarche
B. Menopause
C. Ovulation
D. Puberty
Answer: B. Menopause
The number of chromosomes in a human cell is:
A. 23 pairs
B. 46 pairs
C. 22 pairs
D. 44 pairs
Answer: A. 23 pairs
Which hormone is secreted by the Adrenal glands to help the body adjust to stress?
A. Insulin
B. Thyroxine
C. Adrenaline
D. Growth hormone
Answer: C. Adrenaline
The hormone that controls the metamorphosis in frogs is:
A. Insulin
B. Thyroxine
C. Estrogen
D. Adrenaline
Answer: B. Thyroxine
Insufficient production of insulin by the pancreas leads to:
A. Goitre
B. Diabetes
C. Gigantism
D. Anaemia
Answer: B. Diabetes
The deficiency of iodine in the diet leads to which disease?
A. Diabetes
B. Goitre
C. Scurvy
D. Rickets
Answer: B. Goitre
Which chromosome combination results in a male child?
A. XX
B. YY
C. XY
D. XO
Answer: C. XY
The site of fertilization in humans is the:
A. Ovary
B. Uterus
C. Fallopian tube
D. Vagina
Answer: C. Fallopian tube
The hormone testosterone is produced by the:
A. Ovaries
B. Testes
C. Pituitary
D. Adrenals
Answer: B. Testes
Which of the following is a secondary sexual characteristic in boys?
A. Increase in height
B. Growth of facial hair
C. Change in voice
D. All of the above
Answer: D. All of the above
The phase of the menstrual cycle when the uterine lining is shed is called:
A. Ovulation
B. Menstruation
C. Fertilization
D. Implantation
Answer: B. Menstruation
Which nutrient is essential for the formation of hemoglobin in the blood?
A. Calcium
B. Iodine
C. Iron
D. Sodium
Answer: C. Iron
Acne and pimples are common during adolescence due to increased activity of:
A. Sweat glands
B. Sebaceous (oil) glands
C. Both A and B
D. Salivary glands
Answer: C. Both A and B
The sex of a newborn child is determined by:
A. The Mother
B. The Father
C. Both Mother and Father
D. Environmental factors
Answer: B. The Father
Which gland controls the secretion of hormones from the testes and ovaries?
A. Thyroid
B. Adrenal
C. Pituitary
D. Pancreas
Answer: C. Pituitary
The change from larva to adult is called:
A. Fertilization
B. Metamorphosis
C. Budding
D. Fragmentation
Answer: B. Metamorphosis
What is the legal age for marriage for girls and boys respectively in India?
A. 15 and 18
B. 18 and 21
C. 21 and 21
D. 18 and 18
Answer: B. 18 and 21
Hormones reach their target site through the:
A. Nerve fibers
B. Bloodstream
C. Digestive tract
D. Air
Answer: B. bloodstream
Which of the following is NOT an endocrine gland?
A. Pituitary
B. Thyroid
C. Sweat gland
D. Adrenal
Answer: C. Sweat gland
Growth hormone is secreted by the:
A. Thyroid
B. Pituitary
C. Testes
D. Ovaries
Answer: B. Pituitary
The thread-like structures in the nucleus that carry genes are:
A. Nucleolus
B. Ribosomes
C. Chromosomes
D. Mitochondria
Answer: C. Chromosomes
Which food is considered a balanced diet for infants?
A. Fruits
B. Pulses
C. Mother's milk
D. Vegetables
Answer: C. Mother's milk
The age at which the body becomes capable of reproduction is:
A. Adulthood
B. Puberty
C. Gestation
D. Infancy
Answer: B. Puberty
Which mineral is particularly important for bone development during growth?
A. Iron
B. Iodine
C. Calcium
D. Potassium
Answer: C. Calcium
The target site for a hormone is called the:
A. Origin
B. Target organ
C. Secretion point
D. End point
Answer: B. Target organ
At the end of the growth period, who is generally taller?
A. Boys
B. Girls
C. Both remain the same
D. Depends only on food
Answer: A. Boys (Statistically, though it varies individually)
The sex chromosomes in a human female are:
A. XY
B. YY
C. XX
D. X
Answer: C. XX
Insects like silkworms require which hormone for metamorphosis?
A. Insulin
/B. Thyroxine
C. Insect hormones (Ecdysone)
D. Adrenaline
Answer: C. Insect hormones (Ecdysone)
Which gland is located on top of the kidneys?
A. Pancreas
B. Adrenal
C. Thyroid
D. Pituitary
Answer: B. Adrenal
What is the function of the hormone Thyroxine?
A. Controls blood sugar
B. Controls metabolism and growth
C. Prepares body for fight or flight
D. Controls secondary sexual characters
Answer: B. Controls metabolism and growth
The process of the release of an egg from the ovary is:
A. Menstruation
B. Ovulation
C. Fertilization
D. Implantation
Answer: B. Ovulation
Balanced diet includes:
A. Carbohydrates and Proteins
B. Fats and Vitamins
C. Minerals
D. All of the above
Answer: D. All of the above
Adolescents should be careful about what they eat because:
A. Proper diet is needed for rapid growth
B. They feel hungry all the time
C. Tastes are changing
D. Junk food is cheap
Answer: A. Proper diet is needed for rapid growth
The voice becomes hoarse in some boys during puberty because:
A. They have a cold
B. The muscles of the growing voice box go out of control
C. They shout too much
D. They eat too much spicy food
Answer: B. The muscles of the growing voice box go out of control
How many pairs of sex chromosomes are present in a human cell?
A. 23
B. 22
C. 1
D. 46
Answer: C. 1
The nutritional needs of adolescents are ________ than those of adults.
A. Lower
B. Higher
C. Same
D. Zero
Answer: B. Higher
AIDS is caused by:
A. Bacteria
B. Virus (HIV)
C. Fungi
D. Protozoa
Answer: B. Virus (HIV)
The pituitary gland is located in the:
A. Neck
B. Brain
C. Abdomen
D. Chest
Answer: B. Brain
Which hormone maintains the correct salt balance in the blood?
A. Insulin
B. Thyroxine
C. Adrenaline (Aldosterone)
D. Estrogen
Answer: C. Adrenaline (Aldosterone)
Which of the following is a myth regarding menstruation?
A. It is a natural process
B. Girls should not enter the kitchen during menstruation
C. Exercise is good during this time
D. Iron-rich food should be eaten
Answer: B. Girls should not enter the kitchen during menstruation
Which part of the cell carries the information for inheritance?
A. Cytoplasm
B. Cell wall
C. Genes (on chromosomes)
D. Vacuole
Answer: C. Genes (on chromosomes)
Drugs are addictive because:
A. They taste good
B. They make one feel temporarily relieved or "high"
C. They are expensive
D. They are recommended by doctors
Answer: B. They make one feel temporarily relieved or "high"
The neck becomes swollen in a person suffering from Goitre because of the enlargement of:
A. Pituitary gland
B. Thyroid gland
C. Salivary gland
D. Adrenal gland
Answer: B. Thyroid gland
ASSERTION AND REASON
ASSERTION AND REASON
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true but R is false.
D. A is false but R is true.
Assertion (A): Adolescents often find themselves confused or insecure.
Reason (R): It is a period of transition where many physical and mental changes occur.
Answer: A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Assertion (A): Pancreas is both an endocrine and an exocrine gland.
Reason (R): It secretes insulin into the blood and digestive enzymes into the intestine.
Answer: A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Assertion (A): A girl becomes pregnant if she looks at a boy during menstruation.
Reason (R): Menstruation is a sign of reproductive maturity.
Answer: D. A is false but R is true.
Assertion (A): Human males have two types of sex chromosomes.
Reason (R): They carry either X or Y chromosomes in their sperms.
Answer: A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Assertion (A): Iodine is essential for the production of Thyroxine.
Reason (R): Frogs cannot complete their life cycle in iodine-deficient water.
Answer: B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Assertion (A): Personal hygiene is very important for adolescents.
Reason (R): Increased activity of sweat and oil glands can cause body odor and skin infections.
Answer: A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Assertion (A): The father is responsible for the sex of the baby.
Reason (R): All eggs carry only the X chromosome, while sperms carry either X or Y.
Answer: A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Assertion (A): Menopause marks the beginning of the reproductive phase in women.
Reason (R): Menopause usually occurs at the age of 45-50.
Answer: D. A is false but R is true.
Assertion (A): Adolescents should avoid junk food.
Reason (R): Junk food has high nutritional value and helps in growth.
Answer: C. A is true but R is false.
Assertion (A): Pituitary gland is called the master gland.
Reason (R): It controls the functioning of all other endocrine glands.
Answer: A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
CORRECT / INCORRECT STATEMENTS
CORRECT / INCORRECT STATEMENTS
Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?
A. Adolescence is a stage of mental and emotional maturity.
B. Menstruation occurs once in about 28 to 30 days.
C. The sex of a child is determined by the mother's chromosomes.
D. Endocrine glands are ductless glands.
Answer: C. The sex of a child is determined by the mother's chromosomes.
Identify the CORRECT statement:
A. Testosterone is a female hormone.
B. Thyroxine is produced by the adrenal gland.
C. Estrogen is responsible for milk production in mothers.
D. The pituitary gland secretes the growth hormone.
Answer: D. The pituitary gland secretes the growth hormone.
Which of the following about chromosomes is CORRECT?
A. All human cells have 46 pairs of chromosomes.
B. Sperms and eggs have only one set of chromosomes (23 total).
C. Females have XY chromosomes.
D. Genes are located in the cytoplasm.
Answer: B. Sperms and eggs have only one set of chromosomes (23 total).
Find the INCORRECT statement:
A. HIV can be transmitted through infected needles.
B. HIV can be transmitted by shaking hands with an infected person.
C. HIV can be transmitted from an infected mother to her baby.
D. HIV can be transmitted through sexual contact.
Answer: B. HIV can be transmitted by shaking hands with an infected person.
Which statement about the larynx is CORRECT?
A. It is smaller in boys than in girls.
B. It is also called the "Adam's Apple" when it protrudes in boys.
C. It has nothing to do with the voice.
D. It disappears after adolescence.
Answer: B. It is also called the "Adam's Apple" when it protrudes in boys.
Identify the INCORRECT statement about endocrine glands:
A. They secrete hormones directly into the blood.
B. They have ducts to carry their secretions.
C. Thyroid, Adrenals, and Pituitary are examples.
D. They are also called ductless glands.
Answer: B. They have ducts to carry their secretions.
Which of the following is CORRECT regarding puberty?
A. Height increases suddenly.
B. Only girls undergo emotional changes.
C. Reproductive organs become smaller.
D. Sebaceous glands become inactive.
Answer: A. Height increases suddenly.
Select the CORRECT statement about the sex of a baby:
A. If a sperm carrying X fertilizes the egg, the baby is a boy.
B. If a sperm carrying Y fertilizes the egg, the baby is a boy.
C. If a sperm carrying X fertilizes the egg, the baby is a girl.
D. Both B and C are correct.
Answer: D. Both B and C are correct.
Identify the INCORRECT statement:
A. Iron is necessary for building blood.
B. Adolescent girls need more iron-rich food.
C. Leafy vegetables and jaggery are rich in iron.
D. Milk is only for babies and not needed by adolescents.
Answer: D. Milk is only for babies and not needed by adolescents.
Which statement is CORRECT?
A. Menarche is the end of reproductive life.
B. Hormones are only found in humans.
C. Metamorphosis in insects is controlled by hormones.
D. Adolescence is the same as puberty.
Answer: C. Metamorphosis in insects is controlled by hormones.
HOTS (HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILLS)
HOTS (HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILLS)
Why do adolescents often develop acne and pimples?
A. Because they do not wash their face.
B. Because of the increased secretion of oil from sebaceous glands stimulated by hormones.
C. Because they eat too much chocolate.
D. Because they sleep too much.
Answer: B. Because of the increased secretion of oil from sebaceous glands stimulated by hormones.
A person has a very short stature (dwarfism). This could be due to:
A. Deficiency of Thyroxine.
B. Deficiency of Growth Hormone from the Pituitary gland.
C. Over-secretion of Insulin.
D. Lack of exercise.
Answer: B. Deficiency of Growth Hormone from the Pituitary gland.
Why is the sex of a baby determined by the father and not the mother?
A. Because the father is the head of the family.
B. Because only the father produces two different types of sex chromosomes (X and Y) in gametes.
C. Because the mother's chromosomes are weaker.
D. Because the egg has no chromosomes.
Answer: B. Because only the father produces two different types of sex chromosomes (X and Y) in gametes.
What would happen to a tadpole if the water it lives in is deficient in iodine?
A. It will grow into a giant frog.
B. It will die immediately.
C. It will not be able to metamorphose into an adult frog.
D. It will turn into a fish.
Answer: C. It will not be able to metamorphose into an adult frog.
Why is a balanced diet extremely important during adolescence?
A. To make the person look beautiful.
B. To support the rapid growth and development of the body and brain.
C. To prevent the person from feeling hungry.
D. Because adults say so.
Answer: B. To support the rapid growth and development of the body and brain.
If the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroxine, the person may feel tired and gain weight. Why?
A. Thyroxine helps in sleeping.
B. Thyroxine regulates the rate of metabolism (energy production) in the body.
C. Thyroxine makes the food taste better.
D. Thyroxine removes water from the body.
Answer: B. Thyroxine regulates the rate of metabolism (energy production) in the body.
Why are teenagers advised to say "NO" to drugs?
A. Because drugs are very expensive.
B. Because drugs are addictive and ruin physical and mental health.
C. Because parents will get angry.
D. Because drugs make you too tall.
Answer: B. Because drugs are addictive and ruin physical and mental health.
Menstruation stops during pregnancy. What is the reason?
A. The body forgets the cycle.
B. The thickened uterine lining is needed to support the developing embryo.
C. The eggs are all finished.
D. The ovaries stop working forever.
Answer: B. The thickened uterine lining is needed to support the developing embryo.
How do hormones find their way to a specific target organ if they are released into the blood?
A. They have a GPS system.
/B. They travel everywhere, but only the target organ has specific receptors to respond to them.
C. The heart pumps them only to that organ.
D. The nerves guide them.
Answer: B. They travel everywhere, but only the target organ has specific receptors to respond to them.
Why is it a myth that a girl is "impure" during menstruation?
A. Because it's a religious belief.
B. Because menstruation is a normal biological process involving the shedding of the uterine lining.
C. Because girls should not be told the truth.
D. Because it only happens to some girls.
Answer: B. Because menstruation is a normal biological process involving the shedding of the uterine lining.
CHALLENGING QUESTIONS
CHALLENGING QUESTIONS
Which of the following hormones is involved in the "Fight or Flight" response?
A. Estrogen
B. Insulin
C. Adrenaline
D. Thyroxine
Answer: C. Adrenaline
The correct sequence of developmental stages in a butterfly is:
A. Egg → Larva → Pupa → Adult
B. Egg → Pupa → Larva → Adult
C. Pupa → Egg → Larva → Adult
D. Larva → Egg → Pupa → Adult
Answer: A. Egg → Larva → Pupa → Adult
Which of the following is NOT an effect of the hormone adrenaline?
A. Increased heartbeat
B. Increased breathing rate
C. Slowing down of digestion
D. Lowering of blood pressure
Answer: D. Lowering of blood pressure
If a person's pancreas is removed, they will have difficulty in:
A. Controlling their growth
B. Regulating their blood sugar levels
C. Developing secondary sexual characters
D. Balancing salt in the body
Answer: B. Regulating their blood sugar levels
In the human female, the reproductive phase lasts from:
A. Birth to death
B. Menarche to Menopause
C. 10 years to 20 years
D. Menopause to old age
Answer: B. Menarche to Menopause
Which of the following hormones is NOT produced by the pituitary gland?
A. Growth hormone
B. Thyroid-stimulating hormone
C. Insulin
D. Follicle-stimulating hormone
Answer: C. Insulin
What is the primary reason for the "Adam's Apple" being more prominent in males?
A. Males have more fat in the neck.
B. Testosterone causes the larynx to grow larger in males.
C. Females do not have a larynx.
D. It is used to store food.
Answer: B. Testosterone causes the larynx to grow larger in males.
A zygote with two X chromosomes will develop into a:
A. Male child
B. Female child
C. Identical twins
D. Cannot be determined
Answer: B. Female child
Which of the following glands is called a "dual gland" (both endocrine and exocrine)?
A. Thyroid
B. Adrenal
C. Pancreas
D. Pituitary
Answer: C. Pancreas
What is the role of genes in inheritance?
A. They provide energy to the cell.
B. They are the units of inheritance that transfer characteristics from parents to offspring.
C. They protect the cell from viruses.
D. They control the movement of the cell.
Answer: B. They are the units of inheritance that transfer characteristics from parents to offspring.
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