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CLASS VII SCIENCE
CLASS VII SCIENCE
CHAPTER I: THE EVER-EVOLVING WORLD OF SCIENCE
CHAPTER I: THE EVER-EVOLVING WORLD OF SCIENCE
Direct Questions Assertion / Reason Correct / Incorrect HOTS Challenging
DIRECT QUESTIONS
DIRECT QUESTIONS
Which branch of science deals with the study of living organisms and their vital processes?
A. Physics
B. Chemistry
C. Biology
D. Geology
Answer: C. Biology
The process of making an observation, forming a hypothesis, and testing it is known as:
A. Scientific Method
B. Guesswork
C. Randomizing
D. Historical analysis
Answer: A. Scientific Method
What is the basic unit of life in all living organisms?
A. Tissue
B. Organ
C. Cell
D. Atom
Answer: C. Cell
Which instrument is commonly used to see objects that are too small for the naked eye?
A. Telescope
B. Microscope
C. Periscope
D. Stethoscope
Answer: B. Microscope
In the formula for water, H₂O, what does the '2' represent?
A. Two atoms of Oxygen
B. Two molecules of water
C. Two atoms of Hydrogen
D. Two electrons
Answer: C. Two atoms of Hydrogen
Who is known for the discovery of the law of universal gravitation?
A. Albert Einstein
B. Isaac Newton
C. Marie Curie
D. C.V. Raman
Answer: B. Isaac Newton
Which of these is a physical change?
A. Burning of paper
B. Rusting of iron
C. Melting of ice
D. Digestion of food
Answer: C. Melting of ice
The gaseous envelope surrounding the Earth is called:
A. Lithosphere
B. Hydrosphere
C. Atmosphere
D. Biosphere
Answer: C. Atmosphere
Plants prepare their own food through the process of:
A. Respiration
B. Photosynthesis
C. Transpiration
D. Transportation
Answer: B. Photosynthesis
The SI unit of temperature is:
A. Celsius
B. Fahrenheit
C. Kelvin
D. Joule
Answer: C. Kelvin
Which part of the plant is responsible for the absorption of water and minerals?
A. Stem
B. Leaf
C. Flower
D. Root
Answer: D. Root
The change of a liquid into its vapour form below its boiling point is:
A. Boiling
B. Condensation
C. Evaporation
D. Melting
Answer: C. Evaporation
Which gas is essential for humans to breathe?
A. Carbon dioxide
B. Nitrogen
C. Oxygen
D. Argon
Answer: C. Oxygen
The study of the Earth’s physical structure and substance is:
A. Meteorology
B. Geology
C. Astronomy
D. Ecology
Answer: B. Geology
Which of the following is a non-renewable source of energy?
A. Solar energy
B. Wind energy
C. Coal
D. Hydroelectric energy
Answer: C. Coal
The force that pulls objects toward the center of the Earth is:
A. Magnetic force
B. Frictional force
C. Gravitational force
D. Electrostatic force
Answer: C. Gravitational force
Which vitamin is primarily obtained from sunlight?
A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin B
C. Vitamin C
D. Vitamin D
Answer: D. Vitamin D
An organism that feeds on dead and decaying matter is called a:
A. Producer
B. Herbivore
C. Saprotroph
D. Parasite
Answer: C. Saprotroph
The speed of light is approximately:
A. 3,00,000 km/s
B. 3,000 km/s
C. 300 km/s
D. 30,00,000 km/s
Answer: A. 3,00,000 km/s
Which chemical is used to test the presence of starch?
A. Safranin
B. Iodine solution
C. Methylene blue
D. Copper sulphate
Answer: B. Iodine solution
The movement of the Earth around the Sun is called:
A. Rotation
B. Revolution
C. Resolution
D. Recession
Answer: B. Revolution
What is the chemical symbol for Gold?
A. Ag
B. Fe
C. Au
D. Gd
Answer: C. Au
Which scientist discovered Penicillin?
A. Louis Pasteur
B. Alexander Fleming
C. Edward Jenner
D. Gregor Mendel
Answer: B. Alexander Fleming
The value of the boiling point of pure water at sea level is:
A. 0°C
B. 50°C
C. 100°C
D. 212°C
Answer: C. 100°C
The process by which heat travels through solids is:
A. Convection
B. Radiation
C. Conduction
D. Insulation
Answer: C. Conduction
Which organ in the human body filters blood?
A. Heart
B. Liver
C. Kidney
D. Lungs
Answer: C. Kidney
The lens used in a magnifying glass is:
A. Concave lens
B. Convex lens
C. Plane glass
D. Bifocal lens
Answer: B. Convex lens
Which of these is a conductor of electricity?
A. Rubber
B. Plastic
C. Copper
D. Wood
Answer: C. Copper
The green pigment present in leaves is:
A. Hemoglobin
B. Chlorophyll
C. Xanthophyll
D. Anthocyanin
Answer: B. Chlorophyll
Acid turns blue litmus paper into:
A. Green
B. Yellow
C. Red
D. Colorless
Answer: C. Red
The distance moved by an object in unit time is:
A. Displacement
B. Acceleration
C. Speed
D. Velocity
Answer: C. Speed
Which planet is known as the "Red Planet"?
A. Venus
B. Jupiter
C. Mars
D. Saturn
Answer: C. Mars
The process of silk production is known as:
A. Apiculture
B. Sericulture
C. Pisciculture
D. Horticulture
Answer: B. Sericulture
What is the pH value of pure water?
A. 1
B. 5
C. 7
D. 14
Answer: C. 7
Sound cannot travel through:
A. Water
B. Air
C. Vacuum
D. Steel
Answer: C. Vacuum
The long-term average of weather patterns in a region is called:
A. Season
B. Climate
C. Humidity
D. Forecast
Answer: B. Climate
Which of these is a synthetic fiber?
A. Cotton
B. Wool
C. Nylon
D. Silk
Answer: C. Nylon
The hard outer covering of a seed is the:
A. Embryo
B. Seed coat
C. Cotyledon
D. Radicle
Answer: B. Seed coat
An electric current is a flow of:
A. Protons
B. Neutrons
C. Electrons
D. Atoms
Answer: C. Electrons
The study of weather is called:
A. Astrology
B. Meteorology
C. Seismology
D. Paleontology
Answer: B. Meteorology
Which gas is produced during photosynthesis?
A. Carbon dioxide
B. Nitrogen
C. Oxygen
D. Hydrogen
Answer: C. Oxygen
The mirror used by dentists to see enlarged images of teeth is:
A. Convex mirror
B. Concave mirror
C. Plane mirror
D. Cylindrical mirror
Answer: B. Concave mirror
Small pores on the surface of leaves are called:
A. Pores
B. Stomata
C. Vessels
D. Gills
Answer: B. Stomata
Which part of the flower becomes the fruit?
A. Anther
B. Stigma
C. Ovary
D. Petal
Answer: C. Ovary
The standard unit of force is:
A. Watt
B. Pascal
C. Newton
D. Joule
Answer: C. Newton
A push or pull on an object is called:
A. Energy
B. Pressure
C. Force
D. Work
Answer: C. Force
Which of the following is an insectivorous plant?
A. Cuscuta
B. Pitcher plant
C. Mushroom
D. Algae
Answer: B. Pitcher plant
The melting point of ice is:
A. 100°C
B. 37°C
C. 0°C
D. -4°C
Answer: C. 0°C
Soil erosion can be prevented by:
A. Deforestation
B. Overgrazing
C. Afforestation
D. Mining
Answer: C. Afforestation
The discovery of the "Raman Effect" was made by:
A. Homi Bhabha
B. C.V. Raman
C. Jagadish Chandra Bose
D. Vikram Sarabhai
Answer: B. C.V. Raman
ASSERTION AND REASON
ASSERTION AND REASON
In the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Choose the correct option:
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true but R is false.
D. A is false but R is true.
Assertion (A): Science is a dynamic and ever-evolving field.
Reason (R): New discoveries and technologies constantly update our existing knowledge.
Answer: A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Assertion (A): Photosynthesis occurs only during the day.
Reason (R): Sunlight is essential for the process of photosynthesis.
Answer: A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Assertion (A): Iron pipes are often coated with zinc.
Reason (R): Zinc prevents the iron from coming into contact with air and moisture, preventing rust.
Answer: A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Assertion (A): Silver is used to make high-quality electric wires.
Reason (R): Silver is a very cheap material and easily available.
Answer: C. A is true but R is false.
Assertion (A): We see lightning before we hear the thunder.
Reason (R): The speed of light is much greater than the speed of sound.
Answer: A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Assertion (A): Bases turn red litmus blue.
Reason (R): Distilled water is a strong base.
Answer: C. A is true but R is false.
Assertion (A): Friction is always harmful to human activities.
Reason (R): Friction causes wear and tear of machine parts.
Answer: D. A is false but R is true.
Assertion (A): Mercury is used in thermometers.
Reason (R): Mercury is a liquid at room temperature and expands uniformly with heat.
Answer: A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Assertion (A): Plants are called producers.
Reason (R): They consume other organisms for their nutritional needs.
Answer: C. A is true but R is false.
Assertion (A): A fuse is a safety device used in electrical circuits.
Reason (R): It has a high melting point to prevent the circuit from breaking.
Answer: C. A is true but R is false.
CORRECT / INCORRECT STATEMENTS
CORRECT / INCORRECT STATEMENTS
Which of the following statements about scientific inquiry is INCORRECT?
A. It begins with an observation.
B. It ignores evidence that contradicts the hypothesis.
C. It involves experimentation.
D. It leads to the development of theories.
Answer: B. It ignores evidence that contradicts the hypothesis.
Identify the CORRECT statement regarding physical changes:
A. New substances are always formed.
B. They are generally irreversible.
C. No new substance is formed.
D. Chemical properties of the substance change.
Answer: C. No new substance is formed.
Which statement about the Sun is CORRECT?
A. The Sun revolves around the Earth.
B. The Sun is the primary source of energy for all living things.
C. The Sun is a planet.
D. The Sun consists mainly of solid iron.
Answer: B. The Sun is the primary source of energy for all living things.
Which of the following is an INCORRECT statement about acids?
A. Acids are sour in taste.
B. Acids turn blue litmus red.
C. Acids feel soapy to touch.
D. Acids react with bases to form salt and water.
Answer: C. Acids feel soapy to touch.
Identify the CORRECT statement about shadows:
A. A shadow is formed when light passes through an object.
B. A shadow is always the same color as the object.
C. A shadow is formed when an opaque object blocks light.
D. Shadows cannot be formed in the morning.
Answer: C. A shadow is formed when an opaque object blocks light.
Which statement about respiration is INCORRECT?
A. It occurs in all living cells.
B. It only takes place in the presence of sunlight.
C. It releases energy from food.
D. Carbon dioxide is often a byproduct.
Answer: B. It only takes place in the presence of sunlight.
Identify the CORRECT statement about microorganisms:
A. All microorganisms are harmful to humans.
B. Yeast is used in the baking industry.
C. Microorganisms cannot survive in extreme heat.
D. Viruses are considered living only inside a host cell.
Answer: B. Yeast is used in the baking industry.
Which of the following about pollination is INCORRECT?
A. It is the transfer of pollen from anther to stigma.
B. It can occur via wind, water, or insects.
C. It is the same as fertilization.
D. Cross-pollination involves two different flowers.
Answer: C. It is the same as fertilization.
Select the CORRECT statement regarding evaporation:
A. It occurs only at 100°C.
B. It is a surface phenomenon.
C. It causes heating of the surroundings.
D. It is slower when the wind speed is high.
Answer: B. It is a surface phenomenon.
Which statement about electric circuits is CORRECT?
A. A switch must be "OFF" for current to flow.
B. Current flows from the negative terminal to the positive terminal.
C. A closed circuit allows the flow of electricity.
D. Air is a very good conductor of electricity.
Answer: C. A closed circuit allows the flow of electricity.
HOTS (HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILLS)
HOTS (HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILLS)
Why do we often see drops of water on the outer surface of a glass containing ice-cold water?
A. Water leaks through the glass.
B. Oxygen in the air turns into water.
C. Water vapor in the air condenses on the cold surface.
D. The glass produces water when cooled.
Answer: C. Water vapor in the air condenses on the cold surface.
If all green plants were to disappear from the Earth, what would be the most immediate consequence?
A. The Earth would become very cold.
B. There would be an increase in Nitrogen.
C. Most organisms would die due to lack of food and oxygen.
D. Rainfall would increase significantly.
Answer: C. Most organisms would die due to lack of food and oxygen.
A stainless steel pan is usually provided with a copper bottom. The reason for this is that:
A. Copper bottom makes the pan more durable.
B. Copper makes the pan look colorful.
C. Copper is a better conductor of heat than stainless steel.
D. Copper is easier to clean than stainless steel.
Answer: C. Copper is a better conductor of heat than stainless steel.
Why do mountain climbers often carry oxygen cylinders with them?
A. There is no air on mountains.
B. The density of air and amount of oxygen decreases at high altitudes.
C. Oxygen is needed to keep them warm.
D. Oxygen helps in digestion at high altitudes.
Answer: B. The density of air and amount of oxygen decreases at high altitudes.
In a desert, why do plants have spine-like leaves?
A. To protect themselves from herbivores only.
B. To reduce the loss of water by transpiration.
C. To absorb more sunlight.
D. To attract insects for pollination.
Answer: B. To reduce the loss of water by transpiration.
Why does a wet floor dry faster under a whirring fan?
A. The fan increases the temperature of the room.
B. The moving air increases the rate of evaporation.
C. The fan sucks up the water particles.
D. The fan creates a vacuum on the floor.
Answer: B. The moving air increases the rate of evaporation.
If you add a few drops of lemon juice to baking soda, bubbles are formed. This indicates:
A. A physical change.
B. Evolution of Hydrogen gas.
C. A chemical change with the evolution of Carbon dioxide.
D. No reaction is taking place.
Answer: C. A chemical change with the evolution of Carbon dioxide.
Why is it advised not to sleep under a tree at night?
A. Trees release Oxygen at night.
B. Trees release Carbon dioxide during the night due to respiration.
C. Leaves might fall on you.
D. Owls might disturb your sleep.
Answer: B. Trees release Carbon dioxide during the night due to respiration.
Why are electric wires covered with plastic or rubber?
A. To make them look beautiful.
B. To protect them from rusting.
C. Because plastic and rubber are insulators and prevent electric shocks.
D. To make the wires more flexible.
Answer: C. Because plastic and rubber are insulators and prevent electric shocks.
An iron nail sinks in water, but a large ship made of iron floats. This is because:
A. The ship is filled with air.
B. The ship displaces more water than its own weight.
C. The nail is heavier than the ship.
D. Water doesn't like small objects.
Answer: B. The ship displaces more water than its own weight.
CHALLENGING QUESTIONS
CHALLENGING QUESTIONS
A scientist observes a new phenomenon and develops a mathematical model that predicts future outcomes. This model is later proven wrong by another experiment. What does this tell us about science?
A. The first scientist was not skilled.
B. Science is unreliable.
C. Science is self-correcting and depends on empirical evidence.
D. Math cannot be used in science.
Answer: C. Science is self-correcting and depends on empirical evidence.
Consider two objects, A and B. Object A has a mass of 10kg on Earth, and Object B has a mass of 10kg on the Moon. Which statement is true?
A. Object A is heavier than Object B.
B. Object B is heavier than Object A.
C. Both have the same weight.
D. Object A has more atoms than Object B.
Answer: A. Object A is heavier than Object B.
During a chemical reaction, the total mass of the reactants is 50g. After the reaction, the mass of the products is also 50g. This illustrates:
A. The Law of Variable Proportions.
B. The Law of Conservation of Mass.
C. The Law of Gravity.
D. The Law of Inertia.
Answer: B. The Law of Conservation of Mass.
In an experiment, a plant is kept in a sealed jar with a burning candle. After some time, the candle goes out. If the plant is then exposed to sunlight, the candle can be relit and burn for a while. Why?
A. The plant produces heat.
B. The plant restores oxygen used by the candle during photosynthesis.
C. The plant absorbs the smoke.
D. The plant produces wax.
Answer: B. The plant restores oxygen used by the candle during photosynthesis.
If a neutral atom gains an electron, it becomes:
A. A positively charged ion.
B. A negatively charged ion.
C. A different element.
D. A molecule.
Answer: B. A negatively charged ion.
Why does a compass needle get deflected when brought near a wire carrying current?
A. The wire acts like a heater.
B. The current-carrying wire produces a magnetic field.
C. The wire has a high gravitational pull.
D. The needle is made of plastic.
Answer: B. The current-carrying wire produces a magnetic field.
A solution has a pH of 3. If you add a lot of water to it, the pH will:
A. Stay at 3.
B. Decrease towards 0.
C. Increase towards 7.
D. Become 14 instantly.
Answer: C. Increase towards 7.
In a vacuum, if a feather and a hammer are dropped at the same time from the same height:
A. The hammer hits the ground first.
B. The feather hits the ground first.
C. Both hit the ground at the same time.
D. They will float forever.
Answer: C. Both hit the ground at the same time.
Which of the following best explains why we have different seasons on Earth?
A. The distance between the Earth and Sun changes significantly.
B. The Earth's axis is tilted as it revolves around the Sun.
C. The Sun's temperature fluctuates throughout the year.
D. The Earth rotates slower in winter.
Answer: B. The Earth's axis is tilted as it revolves around the Sun.
When light passes from air into a glass slab, it bends. This phenomenon is called:
A. Reflection
B. Refraction
C. Dispersion
D. Absorption
Answer: B. Refraction
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